Polyurethane Rubber (PU or PUE) is a polymer material made of polyester (or polyether) and diisocyanate compounds. Its chemical structure is complex, the molecular chain not only contains recurring carbamate groups, but also may contain ester group, ether group, aromatic group and other groups. This unique chemical structure gives polyurethane rubber a series of excellent properties, making it widely used in many fields.
1. Basic characteristics
1. High mechanical strength: The mechanical strength of polyurethane rubber is very good, and it can produce products with a wide range of properties. Its tensile strength and wear resistance are among the best in all rubber, and the laboratory test results show that its wear resistance is 3 to 5 times that of natural rubber, and even up to 10 times in practical applications.
2. Heat aging, ozone resistance, good chemical resistance: polyurethane rubber has good heat aging and ozone resistance, and can maintain stable performance in harsh environments. At the same time, it also has good resistance to a variety of chemicals, especially in fuel oil and mechanical oil almost free from erosion.
3. Excellent elasticity: polyurethane rubber has high elasticity and can quickly recover its shape when subjected to external force, so it is very suitable for applications where cushioning and shock absorption are required. The damping element can absorb 10%~20% of the vibration energy at room temperature, and the higher the vibration frequency, the greater the energy absorption.
4. Low temperature resistance, radiation resistance, good electrical insulation performance: polyurethane rubber can still maintain good elasticity at low temperatures, while radiation resistance and electrical insulation properties are also very good, so that it has a wide range of application prospects in special environments.
5. High coefficient of friction: The friction coefficient of polyurethane rubber is usually above 0.5, which makes it perform well in occasions requiring a high coefficient of friction (such as conveyor belts).
Scope of application
1. Automotive industry: polyurethane rubber plays an important role in the automotive industry and can be used to manufacture automotive shock absorbers, steering machine rubber parts, bumpers, steering wheels and automotive peripheral parts. Its excellent wear resistance, oil resistance and shock absorption properties make automotive components more durable and reliable.
2. Machinery industry: In the machinery industry, polyurethane rubber is used to make various conveyor belts, conveying pipes, screens and filters, bushings and bushings and other components. Their wear and tear resistance gives these parts a longer service life.
3. Construction field: polyurethane rubber is also widely used in the construction field, such as making building waterproof materials and corrosion resistant floors. Their good weather resistance and chemical resistance enable these materials to maintain stable performance in harsh environments.
4. Sports and leisure: polyurethane rubber is widely used in plastic track, basketball court, volleyball court and other sports venues because of its wear-resistant, oil-resistant, weather-resistant aging and elastic properties. In addition, it is also used to make sports shoes, sports equipment and so on.
5. Medical and biocompatibility: Specially treated polyurethane rubber has excellent biocompatibility and blood compatibility, and can be used to make artificial hearts, artificial heart valves, artificial blood vessels and other medical devices. Because of its non-toxicity and good biological stability, polyurethane rubber has a broad application prospect in the medical field.
6. Other fields: polyurethane rubber is also widely used in electrical and instrument industry, leather and shoe industry, aerospace and other fields. Its unique properties allow it to perform well in a variety of complex and harsh environments.
In summary, polyurethane rubber plays an important role in many fields with its excellent properties and wide range of applications. With the progress of science and technology and the continuous improvement of the process, the performance and application fields of polyurethane rubber will continue to expand and deepen.