Compressor valve plate is one of the key components in compressor, and its performance directly affects the efficiency, energy consumption and service life of compressor. The function of the valve plate is to control the flow of air in and out to ensure the smooth progress of the compression process. In this paper, the types, working principles, design points and maintenance strategies of compressor valves are discussed in detail.
Compressor valve disc function
Compressor valve plate mainly has the following functions:
Control the direction of air flow: The valve disc controls the direction of gas inlet and outlet by opening and closing, ensuring that the gas flows in the compressor according to the predetermined path.
Regulating gas flow: the opening and closing degree of the valve plate directly affects the flow of gas, thereby regulating the output pressure and flow of the compressor.
Prevent reverse flow: The valve disc can prevent gas from reversing inside the compressor, maintaining the stability and efficiency of the compression process.
Type of valve disc
According to the working principle and structure, the compressor valve plate is mainly divided into the following types:
Suction valve plate: Located at the suction end of the compressor, it controls the suction of gas and is usually designed for low pressure tolerance.
Exhaust valve plate: located at the exhaust end of the compressor to control the discharge of gas and withstand higher pressure.
Check valve plate: A valve plate used to prevent reverse flow, usually installed in critical parts of the compressor, such as pipe joints.
Safety valve: used to protect the compressor from damage in the case of overpressure, usually installed at the exhaust end, when the pressure exceeds the set value automatically opened.
The working principle of the valve disc
The working principle of the valve disc is based on the interaction between the spring and the air pressure. The main processes include:
Opening process: When the air pressure is lower than the pressure set value of the valve disc, the pressure of the spring is greater than the air pressure, and the valve disc remains closed. When the air pressure rises to the set value, the air pressure overcomes the spring pressure, the valve disc opens, and the gas passes through.
Closing process: When the air pressure drops below the set value of the valve disc, the pressure of the spring is once again greater than the air pressure, and the valve disc is closed to prevent the gas from reversing.
Valve plate design points
Material selection: The valve plate is usually made of high-strength, wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant materials, such as stainless steel, alloy steel, etc. The selection of materials should take into account their pressure and temperature resistance and the environment in which they are used.
Geometry: The geometry of the valve disc directly affects the stability of its opening and closing. The common shapes are round, oval and rectangular, and the fluid dynamics principle should be considered in the design to optimize the fluid channel.
Spring design: The stiffness and preload of the spring are key factors in the performance of the valve disc. The spring should be designed to provide stable opening and closing forces under all operating conditions.
Surface treatment: The surface treatment of the valve plate, such as heat treatment, coating, etc., can improve its wear resistance and corrosion resistance and extend its service life.
Maintenance strategy of valve disc
Regular inspection: Regularly check the wear of the valve disc and the preload of the spring to ensure that it works normally. The inspection frequency should be determined according to the use frequency and working environment of the compressor.
Cleaning and maintenance: Regularly clean the oil and carbon deposits around the valve plate to prevent blockage and wear. Use appropriate cleaners and tools to avoid damage to the valve disc.
Replacement cycle: The wear of the valve disc will reduce its working performance, and in serious cases, the compressor efficiency may be reduced and faults may occur. The valve disc should be replaced in time according to the wear condition, and it is usually recommended to check every 5000 hours or so.
Lubrication optimization: reasonable selection and use of lubricating oil, to ensure that it has good viscosity and anti-wear properties, reduce valve disc wear and corrosion.
Valve plate failure and solution
Valve disc wear: Due to prolonged wear, the valve disc may crack or deform, resulting in reduced compressor performance. The solution is to replace the worn valve disc and check the preload of the spring.
Disc stuck: Scale or carbon buildup on the surface of the valve disc may cause the valve disc to fail to open and close properly. The solution is to clean the valve disc and its surrounding area, using a special cleaning agent if necessary.
Spring failure: The failure of the spring may cause the valve disc to fail to work properly, affecting the efficiency and safety of the compressor. The solution is to replace the failed spring and readjust the preload force.
conclusion
As a key component of compressor, the design and maintenance of compressor valve plate has a direct impact on the performance and life of compressor. Through reasonable selection of materials, optimal design and regular maintenance, the working efficiency of the valve disc can be effectively improved, the fault can be reduced, and the service life of the compressor can be extended. In practical applications, a reasonable maintenance and replacement cycle should be formulated according to the specific working conditions and use environment to ensure that the valve disc is always in the best working condition.
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