Vulcanization is a crucial process step in the rubber industry. Vulcanization can make the rubber material obtain excellent physical and chemical properties, such as high strength, wear resistance and aging resistance. This article will introduce you to the process, principles and characteristics of vulcanization of rubber products to help you better understand this important industrial process.
First, vulcanization background
Vulcanization of rubber products refers to the process of transforming rubber raw materials from a plastic state to a highly elastic state by chemical reaction. This process first appeared in the early 20th century, with the passage of time, rubber products vulcanization technology continues to develop, becoming an indispensable part of the rubber industry.
Second, vulcanization process and principle
First. Curing process
Vulcanization of rubber products usually includes three stages: preheating, heat preservation and cooling. The preheating stage aims to soften the rubber raw material sufficiently to prepare it for subsequent chemical reactions. The insulation stage is the main stage of the vulcanization reaction, in this stage, the rubber raw material and the vulcanization agent chemical reaction, the formation of high elastic rubber molecular chain. The cooling stage is to restore the rubber product to a high elastic state and ensure that it remains stable during use.
Second. Vulcanization principle
The principle of vulcanization of rubber products is to use the chemical reaction of sulfhydryl groups and double bonds. In the heat preservation stage, the double bond in the rubber raw material and the sulfhydryl group in the vulcanization agent cross-linked to form a high molecular weight rubber molecular chain. This kind of high molecular weight rubber molecular chain is stable in structure and has good elasticity, toughness and strength.
Third, vulcanization characteristics and examples
1. Vulcanization characteristics
The main characteristics of vulcanization of rubber products include:
(1) Improve physical properties: vulcanized rubber products have higher elasticity, toughness and strength, and can meet the needs of different occasions.
(2) Improve chemical stability: The vulcanization reaction makes the rubber molecular chain form a network structure, improving the chemical stability of rubber products, so that it can remain stable under various environmental conditions.
(3) Enhance aging resistance: Through a reasonable vulcanization process, rubber products can resist aging factors in the natural environment and extend their service life.
2. Examples
The following is a typical example of automobile tire production, illustrating the application of vulcanization of rubber products:
(1) Preparation of raw materials: natural rubber or synthetic rubber is mixed with other compounding agents to make raw materials required for tire manufacturing.
(2) Preheating and plasticizing: through heating and mechanical action, the raw rubber is softened and plasticized into a viscosity suitable for processing.
(3) Mixing: the rubber after plasticizing is mixed with other compounding agents to form a uniform mixture.
(4) vulcanization: the mixture is put into the mold, and the vulcanization reaction is carried out under a certain temperature and pressure to form the shape and structure of the tire.
(5) Cooling and dressing: the tire is gradually cooled and demoulded, and the necessary dressing and modification is carried out to meet the needs of the car.
In short, vulcanization of rubber products is a key link in the rubber industry, which can significantly improve the physical and chemical properties of rubber products. Understanding the process, principle and characteristics of vulcanization of rubber products is helpful to better understand the production process and technical requirements of rubber industry. I hope that through this article, you have a deeper understanding of rubber products vulcanization.
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