Seals are an indispensable component in the industrial sector and are widely used in a variety of equipment and systems to prevent leakage of liquids, gases or other substances. According to different application scenarios and performance requirements, there are many types of seals. This paper will comprehensively analyze the types and characteristics of various seals.
1. O-ring
The O-ring is one of the most common seals, usually made of rubber material with a circular cross section. It has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation and low cost. O-rings are suitable for static and low-speed dynamic sealing applications, and are widely used in hydraulic systems, pneumatic systems and various mechanical equipment.
2. Split oil seal
The split oil seal is a specially designed seal, mainly used for shaft seals, which is unique in that it can be split into two parts for easy installation and disassembly. Split oil seals are usually made of nitrile or fluororubber material and are suitable for sealing high-speed rotating shafts, such as automotive engines, pumps and compressors.
3. Seal the corrugated pipe
The bellows seal is made of metal or non-metal material and has a corrugated structure. Its advantages are good sealing performance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance. Bellows seal is widely used in high temperature and high pressure equipment in chemical, petroleum, pharmaceutical and other industries.
4. Rotary shaft seal
Rotary shaft seals are designed for rotary shafts, and common types include mechanical seals and lip seals. The mechanical seal is sealed by the contact surface between the static ring and the moving ring, and is suitable for high-speed and high-pressure environments. The lip seal is sealed by the close contact between the lip and the shaft, which is suitable for medium and low speed environment.
5. Piston ring
Piston rings are mainly used in internal combustion engines, mounted on the piston and sealed by contact with the cylinder wall. The piston ring is divided into two types: compression ring and oil ring. The compression ring is used to seal the high-pressure gas in the combustion chamber, and the oil ring is used to control the consumption of lubricating oil.
6. Diaphragm seal
Diaphragm seals Seal by the elastic deformation of the diaphragm, usually used in low pressure or vacuum environments. The advantages of diaphragm seal are simple structure, good sealing performance and easy maintenance, which are widely used in chemical industry, food processing and pharmaceutical industry.
7. Clamp seal
Clamp seal A metal clamp compacts a sealing material (such as a rubber gasket) to the joint to achieve a seal. Clamp seal compact structure, easy to install, suitable for pipeline connection and container sealing.
8. Packing seal
The packing seal is sealed by the friction between the packing (such as asbestos, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.) in the packing box and the shaft or rod. Packing seal is suitable for the sealing of medium and low speed rotating equipment, such as pumps, agitators, etc.
9. Expansion joint seal
Expansion joint seals are used to compensate for thermal expansion and mechanical deformation of pipes or equipment while achieving sealing. Expansion joint seals are usually made of metal bellows or rubber materials, which are widely used in high temperature and high pressure pipeline systems.
10. Magnetic seal
The magnetic seal uses the magnetic field force to fix the seal in the appropriate position to achieve sealing. Magnetic seals are usually used in corrosive media or high temperature environments, such as chemical reactors, high temperature furnaces, etc.
Sum up
There are many types of seals, and each type has its specific application scenarios and performance characteristics. Choosing the right seals is critical to the proper operation of the equipment and the safety of the system. Understanding the characteristics and scope of application of various seals can help engineers and technicians make the best choice in practical applications.
Whether it is static or dynamic sealing, whether it is high temperature and high pressure environment or corrosive media, there are corresponding sealing solutions on the market. With the continuous advancement of material science and manufacturing technology, the performance and life of seals are also improving, providing more reliable and efficient sealing solutions for various industries.