In industrial equipment and machinery, sealing technology is an important link to ensure the safe and efficient operation of equipment. Seals can be divided into two categories: static seals and dynamic seals. Understanding the basic principles and application scenarios of these two types of seals is crucial to the correct selection and use of seals.
First, static seal
Definition:
Static seal refers to the sealing method in which the joint surface where the seal is located is in a relatively static state during the operation of the equipment. This sealing method is mainly used for sealing between fixed parts.
Common types:
Rubber O-rings: Rubber O-rings are one of the most common static seals, suitable for sealing under a variety of temperature and pressure conditions.
Gasket sealing: such as asbestos gasket, rubber gasket, PTFE gasket, etc., suitable for static sealing occasions such as flange connection.
Sealant: By applying or injecting sealant to achieve sealing effect, suitable for small gaps or difficult to install seals.
Features:
Simple and reliable: Because the seals and joints are relatively static, static seals are usually simpler and more reliable.
Cost-effective: Static seals are typically low cost, easy to install and suitable for a wide range of industrial applications.
Application scenario:
Pipes and valves: Used to prevent liquid or gas leakage at the connection of pipes and valves.
Tanks and containers: Flange connections for sealing containers to prevent media leakage.
Static equipment components: such as pump inlet and outlet connections, heat exchangers and other equipment.
Two, dynamic seal
Definition:
Dynamic seal refers to the sealing method in which the joint surface where the seal is located is in relative motion during the operation of the equipment. This sealing method is mainly used for sealing between moving parts, such as rotating shafts, reciprocating moving parts, etc.
Common types:
Mechanical seal: Mechanical seal is a rotary shaft seal widely used in pumps, compressors and other equipment. It is composed of static ring and dynamic ring, and maintains the fit state through the spring force and the pressure of the sealing fluid.
Oil seals: Oil seals are usually used for shaft seals to prevent oil leaks and external contaminants from entering the equipment.
Packing seal: Packing seal is achieved by packing in the packing box (such as asbestos, graphite, etc.), mainly used for reciprocating piston rods.
Features:
Complex and demanding: Because the seals and joints are in relative motion, dynamic seals are usually more complex and have higher requirements for material and structural design.
Wear resistance: Dynamic seals need to have good wear resistance to cope with long-term mechanical wear.
Temperature and pressure adaptability: Dynamic seals need to adapt to changes in temperature and pressure during equipment operation to maintain stable sealing performance.
Application scenario:
Pumps and compressors: Sealing of the rotating shaft to prevent liquid or gas leakage.
Valve: Used to seal between valve stem and valve cover to prevent media leakage and external contamination.
Reciprocating equipment: such as compressor piston rod seal to prevent oil leakage.
Iv. Conclusion
Static seal and dynamic seal play an important role in industrial equipment. Static seal with its simple, reliable and cost-effective characteristics, suitable for many static connection occasions; The dynamic seal needs to deal with the challenges brought by complex movement, and has higher requirements for materials and design, which is suitable for the sealing of moving parts.
The selection of the correct sealing type needs to consider the specific working conditions of the equipment, the mode of movement, temperature and pressure and other factors. Understanding the characteristics and application scenarios of static and dynamic seals helps improve the sealing effect and prolong the service life of the device, thus ensuring the security and reliability of the overall system.
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